We use a
wide variety of experimental methods. The experiments are used to
define parameters needed as input to our simulations, to evaluate
predictions from our simulations, and to address specific research
and clinical questions.
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Microendoscopy to Image Muscle
We have designed and built an optical imaging system that enables the images of individual human sarcomeres and their dynamical length variations from nearly any location in the body. |
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Optogenetics
We apply optogenetics to control neural activity in the peripheral nervous system. We have achieved light-mediated activation of motor neurons to stimulate muscle contraction, and we are developing methods for inhibition of neural activity to control spasticity and pain. |
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Medical
Imaging Experiments
We develop and use advanced medical imaging techniques to determine
muscle and bone geometry, measure in vivo joint and muscle
motion, and characterize muscle architecture. |
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Anatomical
Studies
We perform anatomical studies to measure muscle sarcomere lengths,
muscle architecture, muscle moment arms, joint kinematics, and to
prototype novel surgical navigation methods. |
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Motion
Analysis Measurements
We use three-dimensional kinematics and kinetics measured during movement
to characterize the dynamics of walking and other activities. In addition
to our own experiments, we collaborate with several leading motion
analysis laboratories around the world. |
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Intra-operative
Measurements
We develop and use computer-assisted surgical navigation systems to
examine surgical technique for total knee replacements and to measure
knee kinematics in the operating room. |
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Strength
and Coordination Measurements
We study the activation patterns of muscles in unimpaired subjects
and in subjects with movement abnormalities by securing the limb to
a load cell, asking subjects to match target loads displayed on a
computer monitor, and recording the subjects' EMG. |
